#include<iostream>
#include<time.h>
using namespace std;

//function prototypes - promise that you will writh a function with a given signature
//purpose - lets you organize your function in logical groupings
// lets you not worry about the order of the functions
void tradeValues( int& x, int& y);
void tradeValues( float& x, float& y);


//by copy vs. by reference

//by-reference aka by-address
//by-copy aka by-value

//reference - antoher name for a variable, does not make a copy
void square(int& n)
{
	n = n * n;
}

void main()
{

	//this section is just an example of what a reference is
	//this is a stupid thing to do, 
	//you never need to names for one variable in one function
	//float f = 8.9;

	//float& ref = f;

	//cout << ref << endl;
	//cout << f << endl;

	//ref = 1.1;

	//cout << ref << endl;
	//cout << f << endl;


	int i = 3;
	int j = 5;
	//square( i );

	float f = 43.23;
	float g = 1.222;
	
	// you can not pass a literal to a function whose parameter is a reference
	//square( 8 );

	tradeValues(i,j);
	tradeValues(f,g);

	cout << i << endl;
	cout << j << endl;

	cout << f << endl;
	cout << g << endl;


}

// function overloading - when you have multiple functions with the same name but different parameters

void tradeValues( int& x, int& y)
{
	int temp = x;
	x = y;
	y = temp;
	cout << "Trading integers" << endl;
}

void tradeValues( float& x, float& y)
{
	int temp = x;
	x = y;
	y = temp;
	cout << "Trading floats" << endl;
}